The National Institute on Aging states in its booklet Understanding Alzheimer’s Disease,

“Alzheimer’s disease is an illness of the brain. It causes large numbers of nerve cells in the brain to die. This affects your ability to remember things and think clearly. Doctors don’t know what causes the disease. They do know that it usually begins after age 60 and nearly half of people age 85 and older may have Alzheimer’s. However, it is not a normal part of aging…” An estimated 26.6 million people worldwide had Alzheimer’s in 2006; this number may quadruple by 2050.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional-

• Polyphenols — found in high concentrations in tea, nuts and berries, and red wine may inhibit    the buildup of toxic plaques
• Omega 3 fatty-acids – act as anti-oxidants for brain tissue

Herbal-

• Huperzine A – A moss extract used in traditional Chinese medicine that has properties similar to those of cholinesterase inhibitors. Studies have shown that Huperzine A may be as effective as the approved drugs

Alzheimer’s Disease and Cannabis

Research has shown that cannabinoids act as neuroprotective agents and anti-oxidants for nerve cells. The effect of cannabinoids on Alzheimer’s Disease has been studied in several laboratories globally in the past few years. Their findings concur that cannabinoids may slow the progression of AD. In addition, marijuana has also been shown to help appetite and weight gain in Alzheimer’s patients with anorexia. Scientists  at Scripps Institute have found that THC inhibits the formation of amyloid plaque, the primary pathological marker for Alzheimer’s disease. In fact, the study said, THC is “a considerably superior inhibitor of [amyloid plaque] aggregation” to several currently approved drugs for treating the disease.” THC inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which acts as a “molecular chaperone” to accelerate the formation of amyloid plaque in the brains of Alzheimer patients.

Product Recommendations:

It is a good idea to start with a product high in CBD to reduce the intensity of the psychoactivity, or “high” produced by THC. A 8:1 or 4:1 ratio of CBD:THC will provide benefits of both cannabinoids without an overwhelming psychoactive effect. Low doses spread throughout the day might help the body’s endocannabinoid system to stay activated. The tincture or vaporizer may be the best delivery method due to the way the cannabis distributes throughout the entire body through the bloodstream rather than releasing through the digestive system. Ask your cannabis consultant about appropriate starting doses for different products.

Anorexia is a term that refers to lack of appetite. It can be caused by a wide variety of chronic conditions and as a result of taking certain medications. It may lead to malnutrition and other nutritional deficiency problems. Anorexia associated with nausea is often a result of medication with these undesirable side effects, such as chemotherapy and antiviral medicines. This consequence is often found in HIV treatments, hepatitis treatments and cancer treatments. Loss of appetite also accompanies the use of stimulant medications such as those used for Attention Deficit Disorder.

Anorexia nervosa is a psychological disorder characterized by an extreme, self-inflicted weight loss at least 15% below normal and is associated with a lack of self esteem. It occurs most often is adolescent girls but also happens in males and adults. A family history of eating disorders occurs in 30% of patients. Not all patients with anorexia are of the food restricting type. Some may also binge and purge.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional-  testing and replenishment with amino acids, vitamins and minerals

• Blue green algae
• Digestive enzymes
• Ginger – appetite stimulant
• Peppermint – appetite stimulant
• Protein powder supplement

Homeopathy-

• Hypnosis
• Acupuncture
• Flower essences

Anorexia and Cannabis:

Cannabinoids appear to regulate eating behavior at several levels within the brain and the intestinal system. Appetite stimulation by cannabinoids has been studied for several decades, particularly in relation to cachexia and malnutrition associated with cancer. The overwhelming evidence of hunger-inducing properties of cannabinoids in the physical condition of appetite loss known as cachexia is well-established. When marijuana is used to stimulate appetite, often one puff, smoked or vaporized is enough to be effective. It is important to take regular breaks from marijuana use, of a few days,  so that your body does not become dependent on cannabis to tell it when to be hungry.

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Product Recommendations:

The Indica category of THC is known to stimulate the appetite, often referred to as “the munchies”. Indica is also responsible for the sedative effects so an Indica dominant hybrid, not pure Indica, may be most effective for appetite stimulation. Smoking, vaporizing or using sublingual products rather than digestible products may work best due to the quickness of onset, 10 – 15 minutes versus 1 – 2 hours for digestible products. It is wise to start with very small doses then increase slowly to find the dose that stimulates the appetite but does not produce uncomfortable levels of psychoactivity. A two second puff on a vaporizer, a slow and short puff of flower, or for ingestible product 2-3 mg of THC should be a safe starting point.

Anxiety Disorder is when worry is excessive and ongoing, and impedes normal functions. Associated symptoms may include trouble falling asleep, muscle tension, irritability, difficulty concentrating, restlessness, shortness of breath, pounding heartbeat, and fatigue.

Panic Disorder refers to specific episodes of intense fear or anxiety with associated symptoms that occur suddenly. Some of these symptoms include heart racing, chest pain, shortness of breath, a feeling of choking, dizziness, nausea, cramping, sweating, tingling in the hands and feet, and chills or hot flashes. These episodes can last from minutes to hours. What triggers the panic attack may or may not always be obvious. Concurrent medical conditions may include mitral valve prolapse, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperthyroidism or seizures.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – decrease caffeine, alcohol, other stimulants

• GABA – gamma amino benzoic acid, an inhibitory neurotransmitter
• 5HTP – 5-hydroxytryptophan, an amino acid derivative, pre-serotonin

Herbal –

• Kava Kava – relaxant
• Passionflower – relaxant
• Oat seed – nerve calming and tonic

Homeopathy –

• Biofeedback
• Hormone balancing
• Acupuncture
• Relaxation therapy
• Meditation
• Massage therapy
• Aromatherapy

Anxiety and Cannabis:

There are as many varied responses to using marijuana for anxiety as there are solutions.  A successful treatment for Anxiety or Panic Disorder seems to be more dependent on the individual than the therapy.  In fact, some patients report marijuana causing anxiety rather than alleviating it. The 1999 Institute of Medicine report on Marijuana and Medicine repeatedly acknowledges the anti-anxiety effects of marijuana.  The anxiety relieving mechanism of marijuana is still unclear and needs further steady. What is clear is that the marijuana relieves some symptoms that are caused by an anxiety or panic disorder. Studies indicate that it is the CBD (cannabidiol) in marijuana and not the THC has anti-anxiety properties.

Product Recommendations:

It is important to avoid taking high doses of THC which may produce anxiety. The Sativa category of THC in particular has a stimulating and anxiety-promoting effect. The high CBD tincture taken a couple of times per day has been an effective way to treat anxiety for many patients. A ratio of 18:1 CBD to THC or higher is ideal. Any ratio 8:1 CBD:THC and above should not produce psycho-activity, or “high”, so can be used anytime of the day. Taking the tincture multiple times per day, every day, is very important to produce optimal results. Depending on the severity of the condition the doses may change, however around 2-3 mg of CBD per dose is a good starting point. After 3-4 days of consistent use the effects of the dose used should be clear, so the user can increase the dose or adjust the ratio if needed after that time.

Asthma is characterized by continuous or intermittent labored breathing with wheezing due to constriction of the bronchioles (air passages) in the lungs. People with asthma have an immune system that is overprotective to their lungs. Mucus producing cells line the airways as a protective mechanism. In asthma, too much mucus is produced, which clogs the airways, and accompanied by a constriction of the bronchioles, the airways are too small. The result is that less air is able to flow in and out of the lungs.

Asthma attacks are frequently allergic in origin, though some may be triggered by infectious causes such as viral or bacterial bronchitis. Anything that irritates the lungs can trigger an asthma attack. Some are brought on by changes in temperature of the lungs from weather or exercise.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – treat food allergies and avoid triggers such as food dye and preservatives

• Quercetin – anti-histamine bioflavonoid
• Caffeine or theophylline – coffee, black or green tea
• Flax / fish oil – anti-inflammatory
• Magnesium – muscle relaxant

Herbal-

• Ma Huang (Chinese ephedra) – bronchodilator, use only with supervision
• Horehound – bronchodilator and decreases mucus
• Coltsfoot – decreases histamine response
• Osha – bronchodilator, antiviral, antibacterial
• Stinging nettles – decreases histamine response
• Lobelia – anti-spasmodic for the bronchioles
• Grindelia – liquefies mucus

Homeopathy-

• Acupuncture
• Breathing practices – i.e. play a wind instrument, yoga, chi gong
• Vaporized eucalyptus or thyme
• Relaxation therapy

Asthma and Cannabis:

Clinical research shows that THC acts as a bronchodilator, clearing blocked air passageways and allowing free breathing. In one study, marijuana, “caused an immediate reversal of exercise-induced asthma and hyperinflation.” Although smoking is not a good idea for anyone with asthma, smoking cannabis has been found to not be a cause of lung cancer. Vaporizing is a preferred method of delivery as it provides direct medicinal action to the lungs upon inhalation. Numerous cases of asthma have been treated successfully with both natural and synthetic THC. Some patients find that they can reduce their use of inhalers with vaporized cannabis.

Product Recommendations:

Vaporizing cannabis may be more effective than other categories of products such as tinctures or edibles due to the way the cannabis enters the lungs. Many patients prefer vaporizing over smoking because vapor does not produce smoke, and is less likely to induce a cough. A common terpene found in cannabis plant called Pinene has been found to act as a bronchodilator. Some products may have special herbs to promote a healthy respiratory system.  

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the name given to a set of symptoms usually first experienced and diagnosed in childhood. These include difficulty concentrating, impulsivity, distractibility, and in the case of ADHD – hyperactivity, or difficulty staying still, sitting in one place, etc. This disorder has been linked to a dysfunction of the neurotransmitter dopamine. It is estimated that up to 50-70% of those diagnosed with childhood ADD/ADHD can continue to have these symptoms into adulthood.

Supportive and alternative treatments:  

Nutritional –

• Neurotransmitter testing and balancing
• Elimination of allergens, especially food dye and sugar
• L-Tyrosine, phenylalanine – amino acids, pre-dopamine

Herbal –

• Gotu kola – brain tonic
• Chamomile – calming
• Passionflower – relaxant
• Skullcap – muscle relaxant

Homeopathy-

• Brainwave biofeedback
• Acupuncture
• Remove heavy metals
• Meditation

ADD/ADHD and Cannabis

The use of marijuana to treat this disorder in young people has to include a consideration of the risk/benefit ratio of the effects of cannabis on youth. The efficacy of marijuana to help ADD/ADHD has mixed reviews. There are many factors that are involved in causing an individual’s symptoms beyond whether hyperactivity is or is not part of the picture. For example, if hyperactivity is present, then a calming effect may be helpful, yet for simple ADD a stimulant effect may be more appropriate.  Further, there is often the complication of a patient currently taking pharmaceutical medication, or having to adjust to recently stopping his/her medication. In addition, there are many variable effects of marijuana depending on the strain used and preparation method.

No wonder it’s hard to know whether marijuana can help in an individual case. If you can understand your own physiology and what your body needs to be balanced then you may know how to choose an appropriate cannabis product to help. Finally, there is always caution in recommending cannabis to youth. This is a personal decision, but it may be fair to say that cannabis would be recommended more to treat adult ADD/ADHD than for a childhood diagnosis. Nevertheless, when faced with the effects of a stimulant versus the effects of marijuana, a more prudent choice may be the herbal compound.

Product Recommendations:

Unknown. Patient must experiment with small doses of products that utilize different delivery methods to discover most effective treatment.

Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Cancerous cells are also called malignant cells. Cancer is primarily an environmental disease, however genetics influence the risk of some cancers. Common environmental factors that may lead to cancer include: tobacco, diet and obesity, infections, radiation, lack of physical activity, and environmental pollutants.

Chemotherapy is a prominent feature in cancer treatment. While it has great impact on cancer cells, it also affects other cells in your body causing undesirable symptoms. These may include severe nausea, vomiting, fatigue, low appetite and depression, and delayed nausea also often develops 3-4 days after treatment and is usually unresponsive to standard antiemetic (anti-nausea) treatment. Some cancer drugs actually cause intestinal secretion of serotonin which binds to cells on nerves involved in the vomiting center.

Radiation Therapy is a local treatment that damages the DNA of cells. It affects tissues surrounding the area of cancer cells causing nutritional dysfunction when gastrointestinal tract structures or the central nervous system is irradiated. Side effects are limited to the treated area, as well as the typical cancer fatigue and depression. These may include nausea, headache, anorexia, dysphagia, malabsorption, or malnutrition.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – detoxifying raw food diet

• Vitamin C – anti-inflammatory, depleted in radiation tx, take after tx is over
• Vitamin E – antioxidant, depleted in radiation tx, take after x is over
• Kelp – nutritional and detoxifying minerals
• Selenium – antioxidant, especially for radiation
• Fish oil / flax oil – essential fatty acids, anti-inflammatory
• Ginger – treats nausea

Herbal –

• Cat’s claw – helps white blood cell counts
• Astragalus – reverses immune suppression
• Reishi – increases blood cell counts
• Chaparral – protects against radiation, anti-neoplastic (use only with supervision)
• Peppermint – stimulates appetite

Homeopathy-

• Acupuncture
• Relaxation therapy

Cancer and Cannabis:

The benefit of cannabis for cancer patients has traditionally been centered upon its relief of nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite that may be a consequence of chemotherapy or radiation therapy. In fact, cannabis has often proven more effective than any other medication, and has long been prescribed in the form of Marinol, the only federally approved form of THC. In addition, marijuana is used to treat the chronic pain or depression that may accompany cancer treatments. Recent scientific research has found that cannabinoids can affect tumor growth as well.

It is generally agreed that if anything, cannabis does not cause cancer, rather in some cases, it may inhibit the growth of tumors. This has best been studied in the case of Gliomas, where cannabinoids have been shown to decrease the growth of these tumors in experimental animals. Currently researchers are investigating the effects of cannabinoids on several forms of cancer, including cancer of the breast, prostate, skin, and the brain.

Product Recommendations:

To directly address the cancer itself using cannabis patients have had to consume massive amounts of cannabinoids daily to produce a significant effect, which can easily cost thousands of dollars. To treat symptoms of cancer or cancer treatments like chemotherapy it is important to use different products for different symptoms; for example one product can not treat anxiety and muscle pain and nausea. Address each symptom separately to find most appropriate products.

High doses of CBD, over 100mg per day may possibly slow cancerous tumor growth. CBD can also help the immune and nervous system repair after cancer treatment.  

For skin cancer C02 oil is recommended. C02 oil is extremely thick and sticky so many patients mix it into a pre-made skin salve to drastically increase the strength. The mix can be applied directly to the cancerous area. There is no “high” effect no matter how much or how often the salve is used.

For Colon or Prostate Cancer a cannabis suppository is most effective. The suppositories can contain extremely high doses of THC and CBD but will not produce any “high” effect.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common nerve compression syndrome. It is characterized by nerve pain and numbness or tingling and weakness of the hand. It is common in professions that involve repetitive hand movements over long periods of time, such as computer work. This produces continuous pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the wrist (through the carpal tunnel) into the fingers. Swelling causes a decrease in the size of the canal or an increase in the size of the tissues that run through it.  Carpal tunnel is a feedback situation. The inflammatory response itself can cause pain, and more swelling causes more pain. It’s important to break the pain/inflammation cycle. The pressure on the nerve is worsened by positioning the wrist in extreme positions of flexion or extension. This results in decreased conductivity of the median nerve.

Supportive and alternative treatments

Nuritional –

• Vitamin B6 – nerve nutrient
• Magnesium – muscle relaxant
• Flax oil / fish oil – anti-inflammatory
• Bromelain – enzymatic anti-inflammatory

Homeopathy –

• Traumeel – combination remedy for inflammation and wound healing
• Hypericum – for nerve pain
• Hydrotherapy – hot epsom salt soaks, herbal warm packs
• Analgesic packs – castor oil, hemp oil, Chinese herbal liniment
• Acupuncture
• Chiropractic
• Massage therapy

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Cannabis

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a mononeuropathy, a specialized type of neuropathic pain accompanied by swelling and inflammation. Cannabis has been known to be effective for nerve pain since the 1800s. Patients often report that they achieve better control of neuropathic pain with cannabis than with many other medications and can often decrease or eliminate their need for Neurontin or Lyrica. It is helpful used topically for Carpal Tunnel, applied directly to the inflamed area for pain relief and as an anti-inflammatory without psychoactive effects. Many medical marijuana patients report faster resolution of Carpal Tunnel symptoms by incorporating cannabis into their treatment program.

Product Recommendations:

The topical is most effective for Carpal Tunnel because it stays localized to the area it is applied to, concentrating all of the product’s medicinal properties into a single area. Topical products must be treated as preventatives, used daily and often to prevent the inflammation build up. If the patient waits for the pain to begin the inflammatory-reaction is already underway and becomes much less manageable. A topical with both THC and CBD, along with other beneficial herbal ingredients, may provide quick relief to the immediate area of pain. Topical products stay localized so there are no psychoactive effects no matter how much is used. The topical also must have an emollient to help it penetrate such as jojoba oil, castor oil, coconut oil or vitamin B. In addition to the topical some patients also use a high CBD tincture daily to keep overall inflammation in the body down.

Discs are soft cushions between the vertebral bones of the spine. The disc has a gel in the center. With aging the disc becomes flatten and less cushiony. If a disc becomes too weak, its cover may tear, the inside part of the disc may push through the tear, herniate, and press on the nerve beside it. Herniated discs are most common in the lumbar or cervical spine. When a disc presses on a lumbar or cervical nerve it can cause pain in the back and the legs, or the arms. The extremities may become numb or tingly. This usually gets worse with activity and better with rest. Coughing, sitting, driving, and bending forward or neck constriction may make the pain worse.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• Vitamin B – for nerve repair
• Magnesium – muscle relaxant
• Bromelain – enzymatic anti-inflammatory
• Glucosamine sulfate – well researched anti-inflammatory
• Serrapeptase – enzymatic anti-inflammatory and dissolves scar tissue

Homeopathy –

• Traumeel – combination remedy for inflammation and wound healing
• Hypericum – for nerve pain
• Zeel – combination remedy for arthritic joint pain
• Symphytum – for bone and periosteum healing
• Acupuncture
• Chiropractic
• Massage therapy
• Rolfing – deep tissue massage

Inverse gravity device

Inversion therapy involves hanging upside down or at an inverted angle.  Many devices have boots that fit your feet to allow you to hang against the force of gravity. Inversion therapy is particularly beneficial for the spine in that it relieves pressure on the discs and nerve roots; this allows discs to recover lost moisture and to return to their original shape, decreasing the pressure they can exert on nerves. Always consult a medical or chiropractic physician before starting an inversion program, as there are certain conditions in which this would be contraindicated.

Degenerative Disc Disease and Cannabis

Cannabis is especially helpful for neuropathic pain, such as that caused by the pressure of a disc upon a nerve, as well as pain and inflammation. It can provide relief from the pain itself, often reduce the amount of opiate medication used, as it has a synergistic effect with pain medications, and it can help with the side effects of other medications, such as nausea, dizziness or gastrointestinal upset. It can be used internally and/or topically, applied directly to the affected area, to provide relief without psychoactive effects.

Product Recommendations:

A cannabis topical rich in THC and anti-inflammatory herbs combined with a high CBD tincture used daily would provide both muscle tension relief and internal inflammation relief. The cannabis topical stays localized to the area applied, meaning large doses of THC applied topically will produce no “high” effect, but will provide the medicinal benefits of THC such as muscle relaxation. It is important to apply the topical liberally and frequently to maintain steady tension relief and sufficient blood flow. The high CBD tincture, meaning an 8:1 CBD:THC or higher ratio, must be taken like a daily supplement twice or three times a day every day for the cannabinoids to build up in the endocannabinoid system. After 3-4 days of consistent use the effects of the dose used should be clear, so the user can increase the dose or adjust the ratio if needed after that time. For more severe conditions it would be wise to take at least 10mg of CBD per dose. *Products that consist of mainly THC can be utilized as pain treatment but will not act to prevent the cause of pain if inflammation based.

Depression refers to a condition of sadness or despair lasting weeks to months. There are many kinds of depression, including normal transient states of low mood derived from life events, or in response to many life stressors. It can be triggered by changes in sleep, light, food, medications, substances or changes in health. These all result in a change in brain chemistry. About 50% of people with depression have a co-existing medical problem that also needs to be treated. Depression is often accompanied by changes in sleep patterns, eating habits, fatigue, poor concentration, social withdrawal or irritability.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – avoid sugar and alcohol

• 5-HTP – 5-hydroxytryptophan, an amino acid derivative, pre-serotonin
• L-Tryptophan – an amino acid, pre-serotonin
• L-Tyrosine, phenylalanine – amino acids, pre-dopamine
• SAMe – S-adenosyl methionine, an amino acid derivative
• Blue green algae
• DHEA – steroid pro-hormone, supports adrenal function

Herbal –

• St. Johnswort – increases serotonin
• Ginseng – adrenal tonic

Homeopathy-

• Light therapy
• Movement therapy – dance, yoga
• Hormone balancing
• Acupuncture
• Meditation
• Flower essences

Depression and Cannabis

A study in the Journal of Neuroscience published in 2007 showed that cannabinoids elicit antidepressant effects and activate serotonergic neurons at low dose levels. There is currently a debate as to which “strain” of cannabis is most appropriate for the adjunctive treatment of depression. Strain selection is important, because strains that are too sedating may contribute to the lethargy of depression, and could accentuate dysfunctional symptoms. Since symptoms are so individualistic it is hard to determine what strain is right empirically. In general Sativa dominant strains are more uplifting.

Cannabis use has also been used as a method of harm reduction, to substitute for a more detrimental substance use. Rates of depression in substance abusers are three times higher than the normal population. While many substance abusers are self-medicating a depression, studies show that chronic substance abuse itself leads to brain changes and depression.

Product Recommendations:

While THC is responsible for all psychoactive effects, the correct type of effects can greatly improve mood and motivation levels without a debilitating effect. The Sativa form of THC is described as energizing, creativity-promoting and mood uplifting. Some people respond much better to certain delivery methods, such as smoking over ingesting edibles. Smoking, vaporizing or sublingual use of THC may be ideal due to the fast onset, 10-15 minutes, and shorter duration, 3-4 hours, compared to digestible products. CBD is also a stress reducer, so a partial CBD and THC product might work well, however ratio products don’t usually specify if the THC portion is Indica or Sativa. A person must experiment with low dose sativa or CBD and THC ratio products to determine which product type, along with delivery method, is most effective for their personal condition.

Pruritus refers to itching felt in any body part, sometimes to the extent of feeling painful. Most commonly we think of itching as related to conditions of the skin. There are several conditions that involve skin itching, or pruritus. A viral or bacterial rash can result in skin itching which clears as the infection clears. Chronic skin conditions that result in pruritus and inflammation include eczema and psoriasis.

Eczema – is an itching, scaling, swelling rash on the skin, also referred to as dermatitis. It can be caused by an allergic reaction to something touched, called “contact dermatitis”, or can be caused by internal allergies to environmental triggers or foods. In eczema the affected skin becomes inflamed, dry and thickened. There may be encrusted scaling lesions or patches of redness. It is a common problem, affecting 3-7% of the population. Eczema has a genetic predisposition and is associated with other allergic problems.

Psoriasis – is a skin disorder caused by overgrowth of skin cells resulting in thick scaly red plaques. Typically scales appear bilaterally on elbows, knees, ears and also on the scalp. It affects about 2% of the population. It does not involve an allergic process, but rather a cellular dysregulation. Theories of abnormal T- lymphocyte immune mechanisms have been proposed. Psoriasis does not generally itch, but patients may pick at the scabs and cause pruritus as a secondary problem. About 10% of the time psoriatic arthritis accompanies this disorder resulting in joint pain.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – avoidance of allergenic foods and toxins

• Fish oil / flax oil – anti-inflammatory
• Raw food detoxifying diet for the digestive system and the liver
• Vitamin A – reduces thickening of the skin
• Quercetin – antihistamine bioflavonoid
• Vitamin C – antioxidant and anti-inflammatory

Herbal –

• Burdock root – helps to detoxify
• Calendula salve – heals irritated skin
• Aloe vera gel – soothes ulcerated skin
• Coleus forskohlii – antihistamine
• Pine bark or tar ointments

Homeopathy-

• Acupuncture
• Relaxation therapies

Skin Disorders/Itching and Cannabis:

In 2006, German researchers reported that 22 patients with prurigo, lichen simplex and pruritus who applied an emollient cream with a cannabinoid agonist the average reduction in itch was 86.4%. “Topical cannabinoid agonists represent a new effective and well-tolerated therapy for refractory itching of various origins. Creams with a higher concentration may be even more effective with broader indications.”

The use of topical cannabis for skin disorders ranging from itching, to scaling, swelling and redness has been gaining popularity among medical marijuana patients, and often can substitute for  steroid creams or other medications.

Product Recommendations:

Topical cannabis products would be a first step to treat skin conditions due to the direct application to the afflicted area. Topical cannabis stays localized, meaning it does not activate the central cannabinoid receptors to produce psychoactivity so there is no “high” effect. It is crucial to find a topical with the correct ingredients for the treatment to be effective. The topical must have either a high CBD content or anti-inflammatory herbs to provide inflammatory relief. The topical also must have an emollient to help it penetrate such as jojoba oil, castor oil, coconut oil or vitamin B. Applying the topical liberally and frequently will help to manage the symptoms rather than treating the symptoms after they escalate to a level of discomfort.

Fibromyalgia syndrome has no cure, is difficult to diagnose, and effective pain management strategies are a must to help patients cope with the disease. An estimated 12 million Americans have fibromyalgia. The condition is far more prevalent in women and the incidence increases with age, 85% occurs in women in ages 20-50. Fibromyalgia is a soft-tissue musculoskeletal condition with characteristic pain and stiffness in at least 11 out of 18 specific tender sites. The pain, body aches, fatigue, and tender points are found over muscles and tendinous insertions in the in the neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists and knees. The pain is usually bilateral (unilateral pain, especially surrounding a trigger point is called myofascial pain syndrome). It is difficult to diagnose and treat. It often includes fatigue, depression, sleep disturbance, and hormone imbalance. Other symptoms include spastic colon, bladder irritation, migraine, dizziness and heart palpitations.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• 5-HTP – 5-hydroxytryptophan, an amino acid derivative, pre-serotonin
• Magnesium with malic acid – muscle relaxant and nutrient
• DHEA – steroid pro-hormone, supports adrenal function
• Pregnenolone – steroid pro-hormone, supports adrenal function
• Guaifenesin – experimental therapy to decrease cellular swelling

Homeopathic-

• Posture and alignment training
• Yoga
• Relaxation therapy
• Acupuncture
• Detoxification protocols
• Epsom salt baths

Fibromyalgia and Cannabis:

In the July 2006 issue of the journal Current Medical Research and Opinion, investigators at Germany’s University of Heidelberg evaluated the analgesic effects of oral THC in fibromyalgia patients. Among those participants who completed the trial, all reported a significant reduction in daily recorded pain and electronically induced pain. As fibromyalgia is a syndrome consisting not only of pain and muscle tension,  but also may include insomnia and depression, cannabis is proving to be an efficient single medicine, providing relief otherwise requiring up to 4 pharmaceutical medications. It can be used internally and topically, applied directly to areas of pain.

Product Recommendations:

A sublingual product such as a tincture, mint or lozenge may work best due to the way the cannabis absorbs into the bloodstream and spreads throughout the entire body. Sublingual products take effect quickly, in around 10-15 minutes for rapid relief. Vaporizer products absorb in a similar way, taking effect quickly then wearing off after 3-4 hours. Both CBD and THC may be effective for this condition as both cannabinoids have unique medicinal properties. While a 1:1 CBD:THC might work best, a 4:1 CBD:THC ratio can be used to avoid psychoactivity. The THC is important to reduce pain and muscle tension while the CBD focuses on inflammation and the nervous system. Medicating multiple times during the day will help to manage the symptoms rather than allowing them to build up then applying the treatment.

A cannabis topical can also help to reduce pain or aches in specific areas. A topical with both THC and CBD, along with other beneficial herbal ingredients, may provide quick relief to the immediate area of pain. Topical products stay localized so there are no psychoactive effects no matter how much is used. The topical also must have an emollient to help it penetrate such as jojoba oil, castor oil, coconut oil or vitamin B.

Glaucoma is a condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye. This increased pressure can cause damage to the blood vessels and nerve endings that carry impulses to the optic nerve, and thus impair vision. In chronic, or open-angle glaucoma, the condition results in slowly increasing pressure over time, loss of peripheral vision, and problems seeing in the dark. In acute, or closed-angle glaucoma, the pupil may become dilated and fixed and immediate medical attention is required. The incidence of glaucoma increases with age and has a genetic predisposition.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• Berries, red wine – flavinoids are anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant
• Avoid caffeine, tea, stimulants, nicotine – they increase eye pressure
• Avoid steroids
• Bioflavinoids and Vitamin C
• Magnesium – relaxes the blood vessels in the eye

Herbal –

• Bilberry leaf – preserves blood vessel integrity
• Ginkgo biloba – helps circulation to the eye
• Hawthorn – strengthens capillaries

Homeopathy-

• Acupuncture
• Eye exercises
• Relaxation therapies

Glaucoma and Cannabis:

In 1971, during a systematic investigation of its effects in healthy cannabis users, it was observed that cannabis reduces intraocular pressure. It was found that some derivatives of marijuana lowered the intraocular pressure when taken intravenously, by smoking or orally, but not by topical application to the eye. One problem with taking marijuana to treat glaucoma was that it required constant inhalation, as often as every three hours and the ensuing side effects significantly outweighed the benefits. Cannabis decreases intraocular pressure by an average 25-30%, occasionally up to 50%. Some non-psychotropic cannabinoids, and to a lesser extent, some non-cannabinoid constituents of the hemp plant also decrease intraocular pressure. The mechanism of action to lower IOP is not known. Based on reviews by the National Eye Institute (NEI) and the Institute of Medicine and on available scientific evidence, the Task Force on Complementary Therapies believes that “no scientific evidence has been found that demonstrates increased benefits and/or diminished risks of marijuana use to treat glaucoma compared with the wide variety of pharmaceutical agents now available.” The most significant use of cannabis for glaucoma has been in combination with eye drops, as the effects seem to be additive, in that they operate most likely by different mechanisms.

Product Recommendations:

As you can see there are not many reliable and relevant studies telling us what cannabis products might work well for this condition. Inhaling cannabis smoke or vapor seems to most directly affect pressure levels. Digestible products will most likely not be effective due to the way the release through the digestive system. A product with both THC and CBD might provide the most relief due to the unique medicinal properties of the two different cannabinoids. A 1:1 ratio of CBD:THC will provide much needed tension release as well as reducing inflammation and increasing blood flow. A 4:1 ratio can be used to avoid psychoactivity.  

HIV is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. HIV infection occurs after exposure to the virus through either blood-to-blood or sexual contact. Millions of people worldwide now carry this virus. It usually takes 2 to 5 years or more for symptoms to appear. Typically the actual HIV infection causes non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, malaise, anorexia, and nausea. As the disease progresses and the body’s immune system becomes more impaired, secondary infections may occur. Secondary conditions associated with HIV include AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome), ARC (AIDS Related Complex), and many opportunistic infections (such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and intestinal parasites). The goal of treatment is to slow the progression of the disease, and minimize the impact of secondary conditions. HIV infection is managed with several strong antiviral drugs which, in themselves, have many undesirable side effects, such as nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and malnutrition.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional support – Nutritional testing for vitamins and minerals and replacement

• Oregano oil – antibacterial and antifungal
• Garlic– prevents cell to cell transmission of HIV through blood
• Curcumin – helps to deactivate HIV
• Vitamin C – immune support
• Probiotics – restore intestinal bacteria
• Blue green algae – superfood, helps correct nutritional deficiencies

Herbal –

• Echinacea – helps the immune system deal with infections
• Astragalus – stimulates T-helper cells
• Licorice – increases T cell counts
• Rooibos – prevents HIV from binding to T cells
• Pau d’Arco – antifungal and immune support

HIV and Cannabis:

Research published in 2004 found that nearly one-quarter of AIDS patients were using cannabis. A majority reported relief of anxiety and/or depression and improved appetite, while nearly a third said it also increased pleasure and provided relief of pain. The effectiveness of cannabis for treating symptoms related to HIV/AIDS is widely recognized. Its value as an antiemetic and analgesic has been proven in numerous studies and has been recognized by several comprehensive, government- sponsored reviews.  A review by the Institute of Medicine concluded, “For patients such as those with AIDS or who are undergoing chemotherapy and who suffer simultaneously from severe pain, nausea, and appetite loss, cannabinoid drugs might offer broad-spectrum relief not found in any other single medication.” Over 30% of patients with HIV/AIDS suffer from excruciating pain in the nerve endings (polyneuropathies), many in response to the antiretroviral therapies that constitute the first line of treatment for HIV/AIDS. But, there is no approved treatment for such pain that is satisfactory for a majority of patients.

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This condition involves a wide range of symptoms that can greatly impact quality of life. Cannabis can be used to address different symptoms using different products. Acidic cannabinoids, when available, can greatly help to support the immune system. Papa and Barkley produces a 1:1 THCa:CBD tincture that provides optimal benefits for patient suffering from a combination of immune deficiency, anxiety and any inflammation. To treat nausea, depression or appetite loss THC products might be required to produce the best effects. A 1:1 CBD:THC vaporizer may help with nausea. A sativa dominant product may be helpful to improve mood. To stimulate the appetite a hybrid or indica dominant product may help. Ask about scheduling a consultation to discuss which symptoms to address first as well as how to combine products for various uses.

Heartburn/GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) is a chronic relapsing problem that happens when the sphincter between the stomach and the esophagus stays open more than is normal. When stomach acid refluxes into the esophagus it can irritate the lining and cause burning called heartburn. As many as 10% of adults have episodes once a day and 44% at least once a month. Other symptoms include hoarseness or nocturnal cough.

An ulcer is an erosion in the lining of the upper gastrointestinal system, the stomach or the duodenum. Increased stomach acid is associated with the formation of ulcers. With an ulcer you feel epigastric or stomach pain that is burning and occurs 1-3 hours after eating.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• Aloe vera juice – coats upper GI lining
• DGL – Deglycyrrhizinated licorice – protects stomach lining

Herbal –

• Comfrey root – promotes wound healing
• Marshmallow root – lowers stomach acid and protects stomach lining
• Calamus root – treats heartburn
• Stress management
• Relaxation therapy
• Massage therapy
• Postural realignment bodywork

GERD/Ulcer and Cannabis:

As far back as 1978 it was shown that acute and long-term cannabis treatment reduced the rate of gastric ulceration in rats subjected to restraint-induced stress. A review of the gastrointestinal effects of cannabinoids in 2001 states “The digestive tract contains endogenous cannabinoids (anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol) and cannabinoid CB1 receptors can be found on myenteric and submucosal nerves. Activation of CB1 receptors inhibits gastrointestinal motility, intestinal secretion and gastric acid secretion” and conclude “The enteric location of CB1 receptors could provide new strategies for the management of gut disorders. In addition to affecting stomach acid, the muscle relaxant properties of cannabis make it useful for GERD, in that the stomach sphincters become more relaxed, thereby reducing reflux.

Product Recommendation:

A tincture is a good method of delivery to treat upper digestive disorders as it is absorbed directly into submucosal tissues upon swallowing. THC is important to treat this condition due to the muscle relaxant properties. Using a part CBD and THC tincture will help to reduce the psychoactivity level. If the symptoms occur throughout the day, micro-doses of 3-4 mg every few hours may be effective for symptom management.

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver. It most commonly occurs due to a viral infection, although it can be due to non-viral causes, the most common of these is due to the effects of alcohol. Viral hepatitis is transmitted through blood-to-blood or sexual contact. These include Hepatitis B, C and others. Hepatitis A is a viral infection that can be transmitted orally through contaminated food, and is usually self-limiting. The liver is an organ that is active in metabolism of alcohol and drugs. Long, repeated use of these substances can cause liver trauma and lead to hepatitis. As the liver becomes less functional, the nutrients that it helps to metabolize become less available and low blood sugar and fatigue result. Hepatitis causes non-specific symptoms such as fatigue, general discomfort, anorexia and nausea. Liver/abdominal pain may also occur. As the disease progresses the liver fails to do its job of detoxifying the body’s metabolic products and symptoms of toxicity, such as brain encephalopathy may occur.

Supportive and alternative treatments

Nutritional – limit protein and fat

• Raw food detoxification with morning “liver flush”
• Vitamin C – immune booster and helps prevent spread of virus
• Zinc – deficiency occurs in hepatitis
• Liver cellular extract
• Glutathione infusions – strong antioxidant

Herbal –

• Milk Thistle – supports liver tissue and relieves nausea
• Greater Celandine – liver support
• Licorice – minimizes spread of hepatitis B
• Minor Bupleurum – slows Hepatitis C and relieves nausea

Homeopathy-

• Acupuncture
• Massage
• Castor oil packs              

Hepatitis and Cannabis:

Hepatitis C patients who used cannabis in combination with their conventional medical treatment were three times more likely to have an undetectable viral level six months after the end of treatment. Some patients use cannabis to counter the effects of stringent anti-viral treatments, such as nausea or lack of appetite. The endocannabinoid system may moderate aspects of chronic liver disease and cannabinoids may reduce inflammation in experimental models of Hepatitis. Cannabinoids have been found experimentally to be helpful especially in the case of autoimmune Hepatitis. Other clinical reviews have reported a positive association between daily cannabis use and the progression of liver fibrosis (excessive tissue buildup) and steatosis (excessive fat buildup) in select hepatitis C patients.

Product Recommendation:

A high CBD tincture applied under the tongue might work best due to the way the cannabis absorbs directly into the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body. CBD is a potent anti-inflammatory without the psychoactive properties of THC. In a high ratio such as 10:1 or 20:1 CBD:THC the user does not need to worry about any psychoactive effects. It is important to use cannabis consistently as a daily supplement to keep the inflammation down and the endocannabinoid system activated. Dose depends on the severity of the condition, a very strong condition may need up to 15 mg per dose while a mild condition might be satisfied with 5 mg per dose.

Primary Insomnia is sleeplessness that is not derived from chemical or environmental causes. Patients may experience difficulty in either getting to sleep or staying asleep. Often the mind is overactive and doesn’t allow rest. Insomnia affects 20-30% of adults. It can occur during times of stress and may be associated with altered neurochemicals such as the “sleep” neurotransmitters (serotonin or GABA), or with increased stress hormone (cortisol). Other forms of sleeplessness may occur as a result of a substance abuse or a withdrawal problem, including withdrawal from marijuana. Disturbance of the biological clock, such as a shift in time zones or different job shifts can also result in insomnia. Poor sleep habits often contribute to the problem. Other medical conditions that cause Insomnia include sleep apnea, restless legs, night sweats and pain.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – avoid stimulants, caffeine, tobacco, alcohol before bed

• Melatonin
• L-Tryptophan – an amino acid, pre-serotonin
• Warm milk
• Herbal –
• Valerian root – sedative
• Kava-kava – sedative and relaxant
• California poppy – sedative and relaxant
• Passion flower – relaxant

Homeopathy-

• Cortisol reduction
• Biofeedback
• Relaxation therapy
• Meditation
• Acupuncture
• Hypnosis
• Sleep induction guided tapes/CDs

Insomnia and Cannabis

Most patients who have found success with cannabis for insomnia report improved sleep with less drowsiness the next day as compared with over the counter or prescription medication. Patients who use cannabis for insomnia often can reduce or eliminate their previous sleeping medicines, with fewer side effects. Many pharmaceuticals that are used to help insomnia may also cause insomnia as they are withdrawn, or skipped. Cannabis does not create the same sort of dependence, you can use it as needed. It’s important to use marijuana in a long-acting form, such as capsules or edible if you find you’re waking up in the middle of the night, while fast acting forms like tinctures are ideal for falling asleep. Indica strains are best used as sedatives.

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There are a few different approaches to treating sleeping conditions. It is important to first determine what is causing the lack of sleep if possible. For example, if someone can’t fall asleep due to anxiety or a restless mind CBD may be most effective due to the anti-anxiety and calming properties. If the lack of sleep is due to physical pain then it may be best to address the pain directly rather than attempting to use a sedative. For general sedation and muscle relaxation properties the Indica form of THC, or the cannabinoid CBN would be most effective. To address problems falling asleep a sublingual product such as a tincture, or inhalation through smoking or vaporizing will take effect quickly. Sublingual and inhalation delivery methods take effect in around 10 minutes and wear off after 3-4 hours. If someone can fall asleep but tends to wake up during the night a slow release Indica or CBN product such as a capsule or solid edible may be most effective. Products that go through the digestive system can take up to 2 hours to take effect but will release slowly over 6-8 hours. Some users find a good combination of the fast and slow release products if they have issues with both falling asleep and staying asleep.

IBD encompasses several different types of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Most IBD onsets between ages 15-35 and often has a familial incidence. Infectious agents and dietary factors may be involved.

IBS – Irritable bowel syndrome affects the small and large intestine. Symptoms include cramping or intestinal pains that are relieved with a bowel movement. Constipation or diarrhea can occur. Other symptoms include bloating and mucus in the stools. It is increased by stress and may be associated with food allergies and intestinal inflammation.

Crohn’s Disease – This is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the bowel wall associated with bloating, loss of appetite, diarrhea and malaise. It has a higher incidence in Jewish people and is familial.

Ulcerative Colitis – This is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the lining of the colon and rectum. Often bloody diarrhea accompanies this disease.

Diverticulitis – Diverticulosis describes the occurrence of pouches in the wall of the large intestine. This is a natural consequence of aging. Diverticulitis occurs when a diverticula becomes inflamed and painful, often containing bacterial overgrowth.

Supportive and alternative treatments

Nutritional – eliminate food allergens, sugar, wheat

• Omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil, flax oil – anti-inflammatory
• Probiotics – restore microbial balance of healthy bacteria

Herbal –

• Hops – calms the digestive system
• Chamomile – calmative
• Slippery elm – coats the GI lining
• Marshmallow root – protects the GI lining
• Herbal antibiotics – goldenseal, berberine, oregano oil

Homeopathy-

• Stress management
• Ayurvedic therapies
• Acupuncture

Irritable Bowel Disease and Cannabis:

Cannabis has two physiological effects that make it a good choice of medicine for IBD, as an anti-inflammatory and an immune modulator. Examining gut samples from healthy people and IBD patients, researchers at the University of Bath Hospital in England recently (2011) found that the presence of CB2 cannabinoid receptors increases in IBD patients as their disease progresses. They also found that the CB1 receptor helps to promote wound healing in the lining of the gut. In addition, the CB1 receptor has specifically been found to inhibit motility of the intestine, so that cannabis can act to slow down diarrhea and reduce intestinal spasms. Ingestion of cannabis is a good way to medicate with cannabis for intestinal disorders, as the medicine is delivered directly to the digestive tract. For example, encapsulated cannabis is released directly into the small intestine after the capsule is digested, providing long-lasting action up to 8 hours, often used as an overnight dose.

Product Recommendation:

High CBD products would provide strong anti-inflammatory relief. Tinctures absorb directly into the bloodstream and spread throughout the entire body to assist with all symptoms. Taking a high CBD ratio tincture, such as 20:1 CBD:THC a few times per day to provide the body with consistent support might be far more effective than taking the medicine sporadically. Because sublingual products only last 3-4 hours a capsule, which will release slowly through the digestive system over 6-8 hours might be a good addition before bed. High CBD products do not produce any psychoactivity so they can be used at any time. For more severe conditions a 10mg dose a few times per day might be a good starting point. For mild conditions a lower dose of 5 mg at a time might be sufficient.

Traumatic injuries to joints may involve a sprain or tear of the ligaments or tendons or a muscle strain. Inflammatory problems include bursitis, synovitis , arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis.

Shoulder Pain

Shoulder injury occurs when the shoulder muscles are weak or overused. Overuse or overhead repetitive motion can cause injury. The most common pain in the shoulder is soreness of the tendons in the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is the part of the shoulder that helps the arm do circular motion. Partial thickness tears of the rotator cuff results in tendonitis. Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) can be a later stage result of overuse injury. This involves pain and stiffness with movement.  The painful achy stiff stage may last up to 8 months; the adhesive stage of lack of movement may last 4-6 months; the recovery stage takes several more months, but pain may persist. Shoulder joints can also be loose, causing dislocation, or have arthritis.

Hip Pain

Most cases of hip pain are a result of trauma or inflammation. Bursitis often occurs as part of an overuse syndrome such as climbing, or from a fall or a direct blow to the hip. Arthritis of the hip is common in the elderly. The end result of this degenerative disease is joint enlargement induced by growth of cartilage, bone, ligament tendon, capsules and chronic joint inflammation. Range of motion is limited and painful, there are flexion contractures, and loss of mobility. Hip fracture may occur after a fall or a motor vehicle accident.  Stress fractures in the elderly are a result of osteoporosis.

Knee Pain

Knee pain is a common complaint that affects people of all ages. Knee pain may be the result of an injury, such as a ruptured ligament or torn cartilage. Medical conditions — including arthritis, gout and infections — also can cause knee pain. Tendonitis around the joint is most commonly of the patellar tendon, the large tendon over the front of the knee. Chondromalacia causes knee pain under the kneecap and is due to softening of the cartilage. It is most common in younger patients.  Osgood-Schlatter disease is a condition seen in adolescents and is due to irritation of the growth plate just at the front of the joint.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• Magnesium – muscle relaxant
• Bromelain – enzymatic anti-inflammatory
• Glucosamine sulfate – well researched anti-inflammatory

Homeopathy –

• Traumeel – combination remedy for inflammation and would healing
• Hypericum – for nerve pain
• Zeel – combination remedy for arthritic joint pain
• Symphytum – for bone and periosteum healing
• Hydrotherapy – hot epsom salt soaks, herbal warm packs
• Analgesic packs – castor oil, hemp oil, Chinese herbal liniment
• Acupuncture
• Chiropractic
• Massage therapy
• Rolfing – deep tissue massage

Joint Pain and Cannabis:

The use of cannabis as a treatment for musculoskeletal and joint pain both internally and topically has been handed down as a folk-remedy and used by clinicians for centuries. Evidence now exists to support the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of both cannabis and its main cannabinoids, CBD and THC. The ability of cannabis to combat chronic pain makes it useful for that aspect, both on its own and as an adjunct therapy that enhances the efficacy of opiates.  Research has also shown that patients are able to reduce their usage of potentially harmful Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) when using cannabis as an adjunct therapy. Topical applications of cannabis can be applied to the affected joint without causing psychoactive effects, and provide a safe, potent method of delivery with few side effects.

Product Recommendation:

Topical cannabis in combination with a high CBD or THCa tincture used daily is a very effective way to address joint pain without any harmful side effects or dependency issues. A topical with both THC and CBD, along with other beneficial herbal ingredients, may provide quick relief to the immediate area of pain. Topical products stay localized so there are no psychoactive effects no matter how much is used. The topical also must have an emollient to help it penetrate such as jojoba oil, castor oil, coconut oil or vitamin B. The high CBD or THCa tinctures are also non-psychoactive and provide internal inflammatory relief. Small doses of the tincture, around 5-10 mg a few times a day along with applying the topical whenever needed may significantly reduce the overall amount of inflammation.

Low back pain can be caused by several things – a sprain, a strain, a muscle spasm, joint problems, spinal stenosis, arthritis, or disc problems. Problems may develop from injury or as a result of aging. LBP is often episodic, not constant. The pain may change with a change in position or movement. 80% of Americans have low back pain at some time in their life.

Spinal Stenosis

Lumbar spinal canal stenosis is a narrowing of the space in the lower spine that carries the nerves to the legs. As the spinal canal shrinks the nerves that go through it are squeezed. This may cause back pain or leg pain, numbness and weakness. People with lumbar stenosis have back pain most of the time. The pain is increased by standing or walking.  Arthritis, falls, accidents and wear and tear on the bones and joints in the spine play a part in stenosis. Spinal stenosis is found most often in those over 50 due to aging.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• Magnesium – muscle relaxant
• Bromelain – enzymatic anti-inflammatory
• Glucosamine sulfate – well researched anti-inflammatory
• Serrapeptase – enzymatic anti-inflammatory and dissolves scar tissue

Homeopathic –

• T-Relief – combination remedy for inflammation and wound healing
• Symphytum – for bone and periosteum healing
• Hydrotherapy – hot epsom salt soaks, herbal warm packs
• Analgesic packs – castor oil, hemp oil, Chinese herbal liniment
• Acupuncture
• Chiropractic
• Massage therapy
• Rolfing – deep tissue massage

Low Back Pain and Cannabis:

Cannabis is helpful for muscle spasm of the back muscles, pain and inflammation. It can be used internally and/or topically, applied directly to the affected area, to provide relief without psychoactive effects. A prominent California Orthopedic Surgeon supports the use of cannabis to treat pain in his patients. “I can state confidently, as a physician with an extensive practice and specialized expertise in pain management, that marijuana can prove (and has proven) medically useful to at least some chronic pain patients. Cannabis can serve at least two important roles in safe, effective pain management. It can provide relief from the pain itself (either alone or in combination with other analgesics), and it can control the nausea associated with taking opioid drugs, as well as the nausea, vomiting and dizziness that often accompany severe, prolonged pain.”

Product Recommendation:

Topical cannabis is most likely the best way to provide preventative and sustainable support when treating low back pain. The topical absorbs directly to the area applied and stays localized, meaning there is no psychoactivity no matter how much or how often it is used. The topical takes effect quickly, within 5 minutes, and lasts for around 3-4 hours. A topical with a strong THC content will provide muscle relaxation, where CBD will mostly focus on inflammation. The topical also must have an emollient to help it penetrate such as jojoba oil, castor oil, coconut oil or vitamin B. For more chronic pain more frequent applications might be necessary.  For spinal stenosis a cannabis patch may provide stronger and longer lasting relief, often used overnight. For spinal stenosis a higher dose taken a few times daily may be required for significant relief.

A high CBD tincture might also provide support by acting as an internal anti-inflammatory. If the back pain is not consistent the tincture can be used when the pain develops. If the pain is a daily occurance taking the tincture daily as a supplement may provide more consistent relief. The dose for the tincture depends on the severity of the condition.

Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that involves the demyelination of nerves of the central nervous system. These nerves are covered in a protective sheath, called myelin; much like the plastic sheath around an electrical wire. In MS, the sheaths become inflamed and damaged, leaving the underlying nerve exposed and vulnerable to scarring (plaques).  When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerve impulses slow or even stop, causing neurological problems. The plaques create a “short circuit” in the nerve, which results in a dysfunctional transmission. It affects some 350,000 people in the U.S. and 2 million worldwide, and occurs most commonly in young adults. Women have a 1 in 200 lifetime risk and are more affected than men.

Patients feel a variety of symptoms, including weakness, stiffness, tremors, spasticity, numbness, dizziness, heat sensitivity, blurred vision, bowel and urinary dysfunction and fatigue. The cause of the demyelination in MS is still unknown. The dominant theoretical model involves an experimental autoimmune “allergic” encephalomyelitis (EAE). In this model T cells specific for myelin antigens induce inflammation. The immune system reacts in the attack on nerves by one’s own macrophage cells. Theories behind the inflammation include a combination of genetic predisposition, viral triggers, and toxic exposures. The clinical course of MS involves periods of exacerbation and periods of remission. The goal of treatment is to promote remissions, reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms to optimize the quality of life.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – avoid food allergens, especially gluten

• Raw food cleansing diet
• Low fat diet
• Fish oil / flax oil – anti-inflammatory
• Lecithin – for nerve renewal
• Glutathione infusions – strong antioxidant

Homeopathy-

• Acupuncture
• Chiropractic
• Massage
• Remove heavy metals
• Electromagnetic therapy

Multiple Sclerosis and Cannabis:

A large study of 630 patients published  in 2003 found no objective evidence of a treatment effect on muscle spasticity.  However, significantly more participants taking either cannabis oil or THC reported subjective improvements in spasticity, spasms, sleep and pain, but not tremor or bladder symptoms.  The implication of these studies is that marijuana makes patients feel better, even if doesn’t show any objective improvement. A later British study gave some more promising information.  Walking times before and during treatment were obtained from 278 participants; The group taking THC had improved walking time. There was no improvement on any other another mobility test.  Also, investigators noted there were fewer relapses in the cannabis treatment groups.

Product Recommendation:

To provide the body with consistent support a high CBD tincture can be taken daily. A CBD tincture with a ratio of 8:1 CBD:THC or above is essentially non-psychoactive, meaning there is no “high”. A 4:1 ratio provides a higher level of THC with minimal psychoactive effects. When CBD and THC are combined the intensity of psychoactivity is greatly reduced, meaning someone can get some of the benefits THC provides without it impacting their ability to function. The tincture, drops taken under the tongue, will absorb directly into the bloodstream and spread effectively throughout the body. A high CBD tincture will provide internal anti-inflammatory relief but must be taken a couple of times daily to keep the endocannabinoid system activated. The dose of tincture and strength of topical depend on the severity of the condition. After 3-4 days of consistent use the effects of the dose used should be clear, so the user can increase the dose or adjust the ratio if needed after that time.

A topical with both THC and CBD, along with other beneficial herbal ingredients, may provide quick relief to the immediate area of pain. Topical products stay localized so there are no psychoactive effects no matter how much is used. The topical also must have an emollient to help it penetrate such as jojoba oil, castor oil, coconut oil or vitamin B. The topical or patch will help relieve inflammation and reduce muscle tension, in turn increasing blood flow.

Most neck pain occurs in the occipital, cervical or upper back area. Most cases of neck pain are self-limiting sprains or strains. Whiplash is a neck injury caused by impact from the rear such as a motor vehicle accident. This may result in fracture, subluxation, joint instability, disc herniation or facet impingement. Disc herniation may cause nerve numbness or weakness down the arm. Arthritis, bone spurs, and spinal stenosis also cause neck pain.

Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis can also occur in the cervical region. As the spinal canal shrinks the nerves that go through it are squeezed. This may cause neck pain or arm pain, numbness and weakness. Arthritis, falls, accidents and wear and tear on the bones and joints in the spine play a part in stenosis. Spinal stenosis is found most often in those over 50 due to aging.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• Magnesium – muscle relaxant
• Bromelain – enzymatic anti-inflammatory
• Glucosamine sulfate – well researched anti-inflammatory
• Serrapeptase – enzymatic anti-inflammatory and dissolves scar tissue

Homeopathy –

• Traumeel – combination remedy for inflammation and wound healing
• Zeel – combination remedy for arthritic joint pain
• Symphytum – for bone and periosteum healing
• Hydrotherapy – hot epsom salt soaks, herbal warm packs
• Analgesic packs – castor oil, hemp oil, Chinese herbal liniment
• Acupuncture
• Chiropractic
• Massage therapy
• Rolfing – deep tissue massage

Neck Pain and Cannabis:

Cannabis is helpful for muscle spasm of the neck muscles, pain and inflammation. It can be used internally and/or topically, applied directly to the affected area, to provide relief without psychoactive effects. A prominent California Orthopedic Surgeon supports the use of cannabis to treat pain in his patients. “I can state confidently, as a physician with an extensive practice and specialized expertise in pain management, that marijuana can prove (and has proven) medically useful to at least some chronic pain patients. Cannabis can serve at least two important roles in safe, effective pain management. It can provide relief from the pain itself (either alone or in combination with other analgesics), and it can control the nausea associated with taking opioid drugs, as well as the nausea, vomiting and dizziness that often accompany severe, prolonged pain.”

Product Recommendation:

A cannabis topical with both THC and CBD along with other beneficial herbal ingredients may provide quick relief to the immediate area of pain. Topical products stay localized so there are no psychoactive effects no matter how much is used. The topical also must have an emollient to help it penetrate such as jojoba oil, castor oil, coconut oil or vitamin B. The topical or patch will help relieve inflammation and reduce muscle tension, in turn increasing blood flow. Applying the topical liberally and frequently is important to keep the tension and inflammation from building up. A part CBD and THC vaporizer may help with nausea as well as will muscle tension. The patch can be used for spinal stenosis as it is more concentrated and releases over a longer period of time, around 9 hours versus 3-4 hours for topicals. Using patches daily may be costly so some people reserve them for the night or for times of longer activity and use the topical for steady support.

Neuropathic pain results from damage to or dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system , triggered by trauma, infections and nervous system disorders.  Pain can develop after injury to any level of the nervous system, peripheral or central; the sympathetic nervous system may be involved. Specific syndromes include postherpetic neuralgia, root avulsions, painful traumatic mononeuropathy, painful polyneuropathy (particularly due to diabetes), central pain syndromes (potentially caused by any lesion at any level of the nervous system), postsurgical pain syndromes, and complex regional pain syndrome.

Neuropathic pain has been described as numbing or burning, plus sensations of tingling, electric shock, crawling, itching, or shooting. Mild pain stimuli are perceived as very painful. Pain on one side of the body may also be felt on the other side. The area of pain may increase to include larger and larger areas of the body. This type of pain is difficult to treat and often requires a combination of pharmacological therapies, psychological counseling and the use of some form of alternative and complementary medicine.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• Fish oil – anti-inflammatory
• Capsaicin cream 0.01% – increases circulation
• Vitamin B complex, especially B6 – nerve nutrient
• Magnesium – muscle relaxant, often low in peripheral neuropathy
• Alpha lipoic acid – antioxidant used in diabetic neuropathy
• Glutathione – strong antioxidant

Herbal –

• Oat seed – nerve calming and tonic
• Ginko biloba – increases peripheral circulation
• St. Johnswort – increases serotonin and nerve tonic
• Hydrotherapy – hot epsom salt soaks, herbal warm packs
• Analgesic packs – castor oil, hemp oil, Chinese herbal liniment

Homeopathy –

• Hypericum – for nerve pain
• Acupuncture
• Massage therapy
• Biofeedback

Neuropathic Pain and Cannabis:

Cannabis has been known to be effective for nerve pain since the 1800s. Patients often report that they achieve better control of neuropathic pain with cannabis than with many other medications and can often decrease or eliminate their need for Neurontin or Lyrica. It is also helpful used topically, for conditions like shingles or sciatica. The treatment of pain, particularly neuropathic pain, is one of the therapeutic applications of cannabis that is currently under investigation. Several research studies of the efficacy of cannabis in treating neuropathic pain have recently been published. Cannabis is slowly becoming accepted as a useful option in the treatment of neuropathic pain. In addition to cannabis’s analgesic (pain reduction) properties it also can improve depression that often arises from chronic pain. It may improve appetite, help sleep and eliminate the nausea often caused by opiate analgesics.

Product Recommendation:

Depending on the type of neuropathic pain a combination of different products may be required for optimal results. For localized pain, such as in the feet, a cannabis topical in a massage oil consistency may be sufficient to stimulate blood flow and reduce sensations of pain or tingling. A cannabis topical may also work well for conditions such as shingles or sciatica that may manifest in certain areas. Understanding the difference in additional ingredients in cannabis topicals is important when determining which brand might be most effective. Unless specifically marketed as transdermal, topical products do not activate the central cannabinoid receptors so there is no psychoactivity no matter how much, how often or where it is used.

To help regulate the nervous system internally a high CBD or acidic cannabinoid tincture may provide the most support. Tinctures, taken under the tongue, absorb directly into the bloodstream and spread throughout the entire body. Both CBD and acidic, or raw, cannabinoids are non-psychoactive. For ongoing conditions a supplemental approach of taking a dose two or even three times a day will help to keep the endocannabinoid system activated. CBD and THCa are known to support the nervous system along with helping the body to regulate many of its functions to achieve homeostasis. Depending on the severity of the condition different doses may be needed. For very severe conditions 10-15 mg per dose might be a good starting point, while 5 mg per dose may be effective for milder conditions. After 3-4 days of consistent use the effects of the dose used should be clear, so the user can increase the dose or adjust the ratio if needed after that time. Some THC can also be used to directly address the pain. If combined with CBD the intensity of the psychoactive effects are greatly reduced.

Migraines are recurrent headache episodes often lasting up to 24 hours or more, involving moderate to severe pain. The pain is often one-sided throbbing, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and sensitivity to light, sound, and other sensory stimuli. The mechanism involves an initial vasoconstriction followed by a rebound vasodilation of head blood vessels, requiring different therapy at each stage. It occurs more often in women, with a peak incidence in middle age. 70% of migraine sufferers have a family history indicating a biochemical cause. It is often hormonally mediated, associated with oral contraceptive use and may or may not be alleviated by menopause. Triggers include alcohol, aged cheeses, red wine, chocolate, changes in altitude or weather, and hunger, sleeplessness or stress. Consideration of nicotine and/or caffeine use is important in that withdrawal from either can bring on a migraine. Emotional triggers including anxiety, stress, and anger may play a major role in precipitating a migraine as well.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – dietary restriction, eliminate allergens and triggers

• 5HTP – 5-hydroxytryptophan, an amino acid derivative, pre-serotonin
• Ginger – anti-inflammatory

Herbal –

• Feverfew – anti-inflammatory
• belladonna

Homeopathy –

• Biofeedback
• Massage therapy
• Relaxation therapies
• Acupuncture
• Hormone balancing
• Hydrotherapy – warm footbath, cold compress
• Chiropractic

Migraine Headache and Cannabis:

Often, when acute episodes of vomiting are present, oral medication cannot be used. In these instances patients usually receive treatment from an ER where IM or even IV injections are used. If vomiting is particularly severe dehydration is a consideration and IV fluids may be administered. Many of the medicines prescribed for the treatment and/or prevention of migraine can have serious adverse reactions and side effects. Non-drug preventative measures including recognizing and avoiding migraine “triggers” are important. Cannabis contains a variety of cannabinoids that act synergistically to help relieve migraine symptoms. Recent research demonstrates that cannabis is also a mild vasodilator that can lower blood pressure. It is important to use cannabis at the earliest signs of the start of a migraine, so that the vasodilation effect can put a halt to the progression into a full blown headache. Tinctures are available that are absorbed under the tongue (sublingual) and work in minutes. Inhalation through a vaporizer or smoking can produce even more rapid relief. Cannabis is both anti-inflammatory and analgesic in addition to its known anti-emetic properties. Cannabis can provide relief from muscle cramps that can accompany migraine (particularly of the neck and shoulders).

Product Recommendation:

If the symptoms occur daily a supplemental and preventative approach should be taken. Both CBD and THC are important to relieve migraine symptoms. Taking a CBD:THC tincture daily under the tongue can help to prevent the migraine from developing. A 4:1 CBD:THC ratio can be used to avoid the psychoactivity produced by THC so the medicine can be used during the day. Vaporizing is another good way to take cannabis supplementally to reduce overall symptom development. Sublingual and vaporizer products take effect quickly, within 10-15 minutes, with effects lasting around 3-4 hours. These products can be used daily as preventatives along with an extra dose if symptoms do develop unexpectedly. Topical cannabis can also help to reduce tension, swelling and inflammation if applied quickly enough at the onset of the migraine.

OA is a degenerative joint disease that results in firm, bony enlargement on a joint, leading to swelling, pain and stiffness. It most often occurs in the fingers, neck, low back, and knees. Mostly this occurs in older age. One in two people develop OA by age 65. Risk factors include age, previous damage from injury, overuse, or excess weight.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• Glucosamine sulfate – well researched anti-inflammatory
• Shark cartilage – anti-inflammatory and promotes cartilage repair
• Chondroitin Sulfate – promotes cartilage repair
• MSM – methylsulfonylmethane – joint support
• Bromelain – enzymatic anti-inflammatory
• Ginger – anti-inflammatory
• Curcumin – anti-inflammatory (from tumeric)

Herbal –

• White willow bark – anti-inflammatory salicylate
• Cat’s claw – anti-inflammatory, decreases swelling
• Devil’s claw – anti-inflammatory, reduces pain
• Yucca – anti-inflammatory
• Horsetail – has silica to strengthen connective tissue
• Boswelia – anti-inflammatory, promotes cartilage growth

Homeopathy –

• Traumeel – combination remedy for inflammation and would healing
• Zeel – combination remedy for arthritic joint pain
• Hydrotherapy – hot epsom salt soaks, herbal warm packs
• Analgesic packs – castor oil, hemp oil, Chinese herbal liniment
• Acupuncture
• Chiropractic
• Massage therapy

Osteoarthritis and Cannabis:

Evidence from recent research suggests that cannabis-based therapies are effective in the treatment of arthritis and the other and degenerative back and joint disorders. Since these are frequently extremely painful conditions, the well-documented analgesic properties of cannabis make it useful in treating the pain associated with arthritis, both on its own and as an adjunct therapy that enhances the efficacy of opiates. In addition, cannabis helps to loosen stiff backs and joints due to its muscle-relaxant properties. Topical applications of cannabis can be applied to the affected area without causing psychoactive effects, and provide a safe, potent method of delivery with few side effects. In addition, medical marijuana patients often find that they can accomplish more movement, more stretching, and get a better work-out while medicated.

Product Recommendation:

A cannabis topical is a safe and effective place to star when addressing OA symptoms. Unless specifically marketed as transdermal, topical products do not activate the central cannabinoid receptors so there is no psychoactivity no matter how much, how often or where it is used. The topical stays localized to the area applied and take effect very quickly, within a few minutes. By reducing swelling and inflammation the topical helps to improve blood flow and reduce overall stiffness. It may be most effective to use the topical daily as a preventative to maintain sufficient blood flow rather than waiting for the pain and stiffness to develop. For example, applying the topical first thing in the morning will help the body to allow increased blood flow without struggling through movements to force the flow to increase. A topical with both CBD for its anti-inflammatory properties, and THC for its pain killing properties, along with other beneficial herbal ingredients might work most efficiently.

If the OA is spread throughout the body a high CBD tincture may also be a good consideration to act as an internal anti-inflammatory. CBD does not produce any psychoactive effects so is safe to take during the day. The high CBD tincture, meaning an 8:1 CBD:THC or higher ratio, must be taken like a daily supplement twice or three times a day every day for the cannabinoids to build up in the endocannabinoid system. For more severe conditions it would be wise to take at least 10mg of CBD per dose. After 3-4 days of consistent use the effects of the dose used should be clear, so the user can increase the dose or adjust the ratio if needed after that time.

The most common syndrome of pelvic pain in women is associated with PMS (premenstrual syndrome), including premenstrual cramping, Other pelvic pain syndromes include endometriosis and uterine fibroids. Most pelvic pain issues can benefit from hormonal balancing therapies.

PMS is a hormonal disorder with a wide range of physical and emotional symptoms that affects about 50% of menstruating women. Symptoms may begin up to a week prior to menses and last into the first few days of the cycle. There is often pelvic/abdominal cramping and bloating, craving for sweets or chocolate, fatigue, breast tenderness and/or mood swings. Evaluation of all hormonal systems including thyroid, adrenal and blood sugar is important.

Supportive and alternative therapies:

Nutritional –

• Avoid caffeine, sugar, salt, fats, alcohol, chocolate
• Vitamin B
• Mineral supplement (kelp)
• Omega-3 fatty acids, evening primrose oil
• 5-HTP – 5-hydroxytryptophan, an amino acid derivative, pre-serotonin

Herbal –

• Cramp bark – relieves cramps
• Dioscorea – supports hormone balance
• Dong Quai – female hormone tonic
• Vitex – supports pituitary hormonal stimulation

Homeopathy-

• Progesterone therapy
• Estrogen therapy
• Stress management
• Massage therapy
• Psychotherapy
• Relaxation therapy

Pelvic Pain and Cannabis:

Patients with dysmenorrhea (painful menses) and other pelvic pain disorders use cannabis regularly to alleviate pain and uterine cramping.  Interstitial Cystitis, an inflammatory bladder disorder, often not resolved using standard medical treatments, is treated effectively with cannabis as well.  IC patients report that marijuana controls their pain and bladder symptoms without the difficult side effects of pain medication. Cannabinoid receptors are now known to be involved in pain regulation. Researchers from the University of California’s Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research (CMCR)  recently released a report for the State of California legislature which found “reasonable evidence that cannabis is a promising treatment for some specific, pain-related medical conditions.”  Marijuana’s capacity to act as an anti-inflammatory agent, a muscle-relaxant, and a pain reliever all at the same time make it ideal for pelvic pain conditions, as well as its ability to elevate mood in cases of PMS.

Product Recommendation:

THC is important to address the pain, act as a muscle relaxant, and to uplift the mood. A THC and CBD product, such as a 1:1 CBD:THC, can be used to provide the medicinal benefits of THC with a greatly reduced psychoactive effect. Vaporizing and smoking have been known to quickly relieve muscle tension and cramping. A tincture may also work. Sublingual products and inhalation take effect quickly, within 5-10 minutes and last around 3-4 hours. Some people find relief from the cannabis topical as well although a combination of internal and external application is often most effective.

The most common syndrome of pelvic pain in women is associated with PMS (premenstrual syndrome), including premenstrual cramping, Other pelvic pain syndromes include endometriosis and uterine fibroids. Most pelvic pain issues can benefit from hormonal balancing therapies.

PMS is a hormonal disorder with a wide range of physical and emotional symptoms that affects about 50% of menstruating women. Symptoms may begin up to a week prior to menses and last into the first few days of the cycle. There is often pelvic/abdominal cramping and bloating, craving for sweets or chocolate, fatigue, breast tenderness and/or mood swings. Evaluation of all hormonal systems including thyroid, adrenal and blood sugar is important.

Supportive and alternative therapies:

Nutritional –

• Avoid caffeine, sugar, salt, fats, alcohol, chocolate
• Vitamin B
• Mineral supplement (kelp)
• Omega-3 fatty acids, evening primrose oil
• 5-HTP – 5-hydroxytryptophan, an amino acid derivative, pre-serotonin

Herbal –

• Cramp bark – relieves cramps
• Dioscorea – supports hormone balance
• Dong Quai – female hormone tonic
• Vitex – supports pituitary hormonal stimulation

Homeopathy-

• Progesterone therapy
• Estrogen therapy
• Stress management
• Massage therapy
• Psychotherapy
• Relaxation therapy

Pelvic Pain and Cannabis:

Patients with dysmenorrhea (painful menses) and other pelvic pain disorders use cannabis regularly to alleviate pain and uterine cramping.  Interstitial Cystitis, an inflammatory bladder disorder, often not resolved using standard medical treatments, is treated effectively with cannabis as well.  IC patients report that marijuana controls their pain and bladder symptoms without the difficult side effects of pain medication. Cannabinoid receptors are now known to be involved in pain regulation. Researchers from the University of California’s Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research (CMCR)  recently released a report for the State of California legislature which found “reasonable evidence that cannabis is a promising treatment for some specific, pain-related medical conditions.”  Marijuana’s capacity to act as an anti-inflammatory agent, a muscle-relaxant, and a pain reliever all at the same time make it ideal for pelvic pain conditions, as well as its ability to elevate mood in cases of PMS.

Product Recommendation:

THC is important to address the pain, act as a muscle relaxant, and to uplift the mood. A THC and CBD product, such as a 1:1 CBD:THC, can be used to provide the medicinal benefits of THC with a greatly reduced psychoactive effect. Vaporizing and smoking have been known to quickly relieve muscle tension and cramping. A tincture may also work. Sublingual products and inhalation take effect quickly, within 5-10 minutes and last around 3-4 hours. Some people find relief from the cannabis topical as well although a combination of internal and external application is often most effective.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by joint synovitis (inflammation) with pain, swelling and stiffness. It generally appears between ages 25-40. More than 60% are women. The joints involved are usually bilateral wrists, hands, elbows, knees and ankles. Because this is a progressive, destructive disease the goal of therapy is more than simple pain relief, because disease remission is important. The goal of treatment aims toward achieving the lowest possible level of arthritis disease activity, the minimization of joint damage, and enhancing physical function and quality of life. As in all autoimmune disorders, decreasing the person’s hyperactive immune response is integral to therapy.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – eliminate food allergens

• Raw vegetable juice fasting
• Vitamin C – anti-inflammatory and immune support
• DHEA – steroid pro-hormone, supports adrenal function
• Fish oil / Flax oil – anti-inflammatory

Herbal –

• White willow bark – anti-inflammatory salicylate
• Cat’s claw – anti-inflammatory, decreases swelling
• Devil’s claw – anti-inflammatory, reduces pain
• Boswellia – anti-inflammatory, promotes cartilage growth

Homeopathy-

• Hydrotherapy – hot epsom salt soaks, herbal warm packs
• Analgesic packs – castor oil, hemp oil, chinese herbal liniment
• Massage
• Acupuncture
• Chiropractic

Rheumatoid Arthritis and Cannabis:

Many RA patients find cannabis useful in treating the pain and stiffness caused by their disease. What is less commonly understood is that cannabis is a promising therapy to halt the progression of the disease due to its anti-inflammatory and immune modulating effects. As early as 2003, cannabis use was found to modulate the immune system. In the September 2005 issue of the Journal of Neuroimmunology, researchers in Japan concluded, “Cannabinoid therapy of RA could provide symptomatic relief to joint pain and swelling as well as suppressing joint destruction and disease progression.” The use of cannabis to treat symptoms of RA is commonly self-reported by patients with the disease. The first study to use a cannabis-based medicine for treating Rheumatoid Arthritis done in Great Britain in 2005 has found that it has a significant effect on easing pain, improving the quality of sleep and on suppressing the disease.

Product Recommendation:

To provide the body with consistent support a high CBD tincture can be taken daily. A CBD tincture with a ratio of 4:1 CBD:THC or above is essentially non-psychoactive, meaning there is no “high”. When CBD and THC are combined the intensity of psychoactivity is greatly reduced, meaning someone can get some of the benefits THC provides without it impacting their ability to function. Having some THC is important to address the pain directly. The tincture, drops taken under the tongue, will absorb directly into the bloodstream and spread effectively throughout the body. A high CBD tincture will provide internal anti-inflammatory relief but must be taken a couple of times daily to keep the endocannabinoid system activated. For more severe conditions a dose of around 10 mg taken two or three times a day may be effective. After 3-4 days of consistent use the effects of the dose used should be clear, so the user can increase the dose or adjust the ratio if needed after that time.

A topical with both THC and CBD, along with other beneficial herbal ingredients, may provide quick relief to the immediate area of pain. Topical products stay localized so there are no psychoactive effects no matter how much is used. The topical or patch will help relieve inflammation and reduce muscle tension, in turn increasing blood flow. The dose of tincture and strength of topical depend on the severity of the condition.

Epilepsies are a group of disorders characterized by sudden, recurrent and episodic changes in neurological function caused by abnormalities in the electrical activity of the brain. These are measured by an EEG. Each episode is called a seizure. Seizures are associated with excessive neuronal activation in the brain. 6% of the U.S. population will develop at least one seizure in their lifetime. Epilepsy may be due to a neurologic injury, infection, structural brain lesion, toxicity to the brain or other undetermined causes. The course of a seizure disorder is often marked with remissions, periods of 2 to 5 years without a seizure. This generally occurs while the patient is taking an anti-seizure medicine. Relapses may happen even while on medication or when the medicine is withdrawn.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional – assess and balancing of minerals – magnesium, zinc, manganese, calcium

• Glutathione infusions – strong anti-oxidant
• Vitamin B6 and folic acid
• Taurine, GABA calms – promotes GABA levels
• Vitamin E – anti-oxidant
• Melatonin – regulates brain sleep cycle

Herbal –

• Coleus forskohlii – decreases cAMP
• Bupleuri radix – decreases cAMP
• Skullcap – muscle relaxant

Homeopathy-

• Brainwave biofeedback
• Detoxify neurotoxic chemicals
• Heavy metals
• Acupuncture
• Aconitum

Seizure Disorder and Cannabis:

Anti-seizure medications are always preferred by neurologists, yet some patients prefer to use cannabis to treat seizure disorder due to reduced side effects compared to the medications. If this is the case, it’s important to take it regularly as with any medication. In a June 8, 2004 article, “Marijuana Use and Epilepsy; Prevalence in Patients of a Tertiary Care Epilepsy Center,” published in Neurology, it states,

“Twenty-one percent of subjects had used marijuana in the past year with the majority of active users reporting beneficial effects on seizures. Twenty-four percent of all subjects believed marijuana was an effective therapy for epilepsy. Despite limited evidence of efficacy, many patients with epilepsy believe marijuana is an effective therapy for epilepsy and are actively using it.” It is not only THC, but Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid in cannabis has also been noted to have antiepileptic properties. As yet no clinical trials have been done to test the efficacy of cannabis or CBD compared to other medications in the treatment of seizure disorder.

Product Recommendation:

For best results a CBD tincture with a ratio of 20:1 CBD:THC or higher should be taken multiple times per day to keep the endocannabinoid system activated at all times. Treating the medicine as a preventative rather than waiting for an episode to occur is important. An additional dose can be taken if and when an episode occurs. The tincture taken under the tongue absorbs directly into the bloodstream taking effect within minutes. CBD is non-psychoactive so the user does not need to be concerned about using it during the day. A small amount of THC is required to activate the medicines full potential, however at ratios of 8:1 or above there are essentially no psychoactive effects.

Tension headache is the most common of headaches, experienced by 70-90% of people at some time in their life. It is associated with a muscular tension in the head and neck. It may cause tightness or pressure on the forehead or sides of the head, and the pain may move into the shoulders. Stress may bring it on, and smoking may increase its risk. Chronic daily headaches are often rebound from overuse of pain medicines. Some people have withdrawal headaches of this type when weaning from pain medicines, accompanied by nausea, restlessness, diarrhea, trouble sleeping and trembling. It may also be present with other symptoms of low serotonin, such as fatigue, craving for sweets or chocolate, and general muscle aches.

Supportive and alternative treatments:

Nutritional –

• 5HTP – 5-hydroxytryptophan, an amino acid derivative, pre-serotonin
• Magnesium – muscle relaxant

Homeopathy-

• Biofeedback
• Relaxation therapies
• Stress management
• Chiropractic
• Massage therapy
• Hypnosis
• Acupuncture
• Hydrotherapy – warm or cold compresses

Tension Headache and Cannabis:

Cannabis is particularly useful for conditions that include symptoms of muscle spasm and pain, such as tension headaches. It can be used internally and topically, applied directly to the site of tension. According to a recent report of the Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research at the University of California, San Diego, the first U.S. clinical trials in more than two decades on the medical benefits of marijuana confirm that it is effective in reducing muscle spasms (associated with multiple sclerosis). A further study supported by the center examined the effectiveness of cannabis in treating migraine headaches and facial pain. In that study, rats given a cannabis-like drug exhibited reduced activity of nerve cells that transmit pain. Many patients find that marijuana is additionally useful in reducing stress that may be contributing to the headache, providing more effective relief than any one pharmaceutical medicine.

Product Recommendation:

A cannabis topical can be a very effective and safe way to treat and prevent tension headaches. Unless specifically marketed as transdermal, topical products do not activate the central cannabinoid receptors so there is no psychoactivity no matter how much, how often or where it is used. If someone has consistent shoulder and neck tension the blood flow is restricted. Applying a topical daily can help prevent tension buildup. Sometimes the topical can be applied to the temples to reduce tension during a headache. Products with both CBD and THC may help to reduce stress levels.